In the Aberdares,
a small group of villagers got fed up with waiting for the government's
electrification programme to reach them and decided to take matters
into their own hands. They formed an electricity company, the Gatiki
Electrical Company, in which they had bought shares of 10,000/- each.
The villagers' plan
was to develop three electricity generating plants along the Gikira
River - Chiki, which is set to produce 0.75MW of electricity; Kiawambogo,
which will produce 0.375MW and Gacharageini which will generate 0.25MW
of electricity. The seven thousand villagers will all have their households
lit up, where they will pay between a mere $ 0.65 and $1.25 for their
electrical usage - a minute fraction of what most Kenya Power and
Lighting Company customers have to pay.
This is an exciting
initiative for Kenya because it could portend the beginning of the adoption
of a microgrids strategy for Kenya's power problem. The fact is, that
while Kenya Power and Lighting Company is currently serving about 20%
of Kenya, they will not be able to cover the country in the next decade
even if they tripled their efforts - not using the current operational
framework.
Kenya's power problems
- and indeed all of Kenya's problems - are also its opportunities.
The Gatiki project is a clear example of how the Chama culture
that Kenyans have so perfected can be taken to the next level so that
they will aid in Kenya's transformation efforts.
The idea here would
be that communities could form companies such as Gatiki and generate
power from wind, solar, water and biogas for themselves. Under existing
law, communities will be able to generate a maximum of 1MW per installation
- beyond which the extra power would need to be shed into the national
grid and a power purchase agreement be signed between the national electricity
company and the local one. Either way, communities will be lit up faster
and they will make extra income.
It is important to
be clear that the payoff for such radical ventures goes beyond the electrification
of villages around the country. The impact on education, health and
small businesses cannot be underemphasised.
The chama culture
that we Kenyans have done so well would come in handy when Kenyans in
remote villages get tired of the long distances that their women and
children must travel and come together to build a dispensary near them
and go as far as take responsibility for their running and sustainability.
It will be revolutionary when villages in Loitoktok, Kijabe and Pokot
- to name three examples - set aside a piece of land and build a
police station near them and then go to Commissioner Ali and ask him
to staff it.
The idea here is that
for Kenya to be a middle class nation by the year 2030, then some fundamental
changes must be made in the way the challenges are handled. Gone must
be the days when the villagers look to their parliamentarians to sort
out their problems. While it is true the government has a lot to do
for the with regard to the transformation of the country and the provision
of essential services to the people, we must accept that the most aggressive
of transformational efforts will take years - especially, when governed
by the government's rules on procurement and so forth.
Also, from a prioritisation
perspective, it may be a while before government reaches village roads
and so forth as they must begin with the bigger corridors and towns
where the return on investment for the nation would be highest and use
the proceeds to repair and develop smaller roads. However, the main
pain points of a country are normally the sum total of small aches at
community level.
I may not feel, at
a personal level, the damage to Kenya when the Mombasa - Kisumu corridor
is not functional but I do tend to be most aware when the road in my
estate is full of portholes. The deplorable state of national hospitals
is lamentable and a subject of whiny conversation with friends in an
evening, but the lack of maternity services at the local dispensary
or the lack of medicine, or indeed, the lack of a roof at my child's
school is what I feel strongly about. Why then should I wait for technocrats
who can only see the big picture to prioritise my project, when it is
in competition with so many others?
Assuming that we can
accept that neither government, business, the citizens or any other
person can effectively sort out the country's challenges, it is incumbent
upon us to take on a more transformational perspective to our approach
to solving Kenyan problems at a local level. We must get fed up as Mzee
Ngai, the convenor of the Gatiki projects did. Speaking to The African
Business magazine, he said, "For 14 years, I waited patiently
for KPLC to come and bring electricity. In 2005, I just got fed up.
I was getting no younger."
I don't suppose
that any of the rest of us is, either.
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