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Democracy and Development PDF Print E-mail
Written by Peter Ndiangui   
Wednesday, 21 February 2007

Accepted wisdom in developmental studies goes something like this. Democracy and freedom in politics translates to greater economic growth and the improvement of the national well-being.

The example of China proves this example does not always hold true. What is happening in China today is not about democracy but a government and a legal framework that gives investors good title. Japan, Singapore, Hong-Kong and South-Korea's conversion from backward agrarian states to industrial power-houses can be termed as accelerated development under very autocratic  regimes which have only turned into democracies after prevailing economic conditions have improved.

A closer look at the underlying social dynamics in these societies might help us unlock the mystery of the democracy we all try to adopt from Western governments, a system of government alien to our culture and opposed to our traditional systems of governance. These traditional systems which were disrupted by colonialism, ought to have been allowed room to evolve as democracies , encouraged along, modified even but based on indigenous intuitions.

May be the question here would be, did  the poor human rights records evidenced in the these countries prior to their ascent impede poverty alleveation? Of particular intrest is South-Korea which grew consistently by over 12% between 1952 and the late 1970's under a dictatorial regime which then saw the emergence of chaebols that were funded by the state even through corruption and the overprotection of internal markets.

We are living, quite obviously, in different times , but this issue is of great importance as we watch how India as a the world's largest democracy measures up against China. It is clear that , the devolved powerful state governments in India have created a lot of bureacracy in approving economic growth strategies, licencing new business and even slowing down investment decisions. The net result has been a slowing of FDI inflows into  India compared to her northern neighbour.

In Kenya, we are crying devolution, ululating for CDF and now institutionalising structures around it to for its management. Will this decentralization create meaningful change or is it another beuracracy in the making? The Bomas draft also proposed a 4-tier devolved government , an ugly replication  of the Indian scenario? 

The premise for all these proposed and actual developments is that the closer government is to the people, the more accountable it is to them. Accountability after all is the corner-stone of democracy. So it follows that as central government fails, the people seek to bring it down to a level local enough that they can influence and control it. 

The question then is whether such devolution and democracy, whether the opening of democratic space results in high economic growth poverty alleviation and subsequent improvement in national well-being.


Peter Ndiangui
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written by Bosibori , February 22, 2007
I have always insisted that "free market" is the kiss of death for any growing economy ,the same goes for the democracy that is present in Kenya which in my opinion is purely "cosmetic".As much as we need domestic prosperity ,a diluted form of a Mercantilist approach is necessary,we in the same light require a benevolant dictator(China is living proof of that,which explains why President Bush saw the urgent need to make allies with 'democratic' india ) the West does not necessarily hold the blue print for economic prosperity.Nevertheless, with a trimmed chain of command and as long as the old bureacrats are still in place,the system of patronage still persists, consequently the dawn of transparency and accountabilty as well as new unblemished leaders will always be a fleeting pipe dream.
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written by Amir Ibrahim , February 23, 2007
India is unique in its approach to democracy, truly one of the few places in the world where there is even pretension to this. The question is whether we expect that Nairobi will ever deliver.

China also suffers from a form of democracy, in principle not too far from what the Americans have. This system also comes with a lot of red tape, much like in India.

Foolish policies that open up our markets to exploitation and that suffocate local businesses are seperate from permitting freedom of speech and the rule of law.
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good article....
written by Ken Thumbi , February 25, 2007
In China: Shut the hell up and work

In Some countries like Kenya: Talk, talk talk,yak yak yakidi yak we talk too much and do nothing (except for that 10% (those chaps earning over 100K per Month)the rest survive)

Mr Amir, sorry to say by a free market is inevitable meaning that the wiser one will exploit the market the dumb one will be exploited ... we can not be selective capitalists...
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provocative thinking
written by kendirangu , February 28, 2007
Every country has it's own tale, some have used heroes successfully (we could cite Park here) and others have done so disastrously (Marx and Mao maybe). Other's have merely depended on their natural resources or the productivity of their people while others believe it was their system of governance.
It's hard to give an individual total control without taking away the freedom of the masses though.(You can see this in a micro level with constituents already complaining about their MP's use of the CDF funds)

My own view:
As far as development is concerned, we must relenquish the need to look for a universal formular that works best everywhere for everybody despite having a common goal. There are many highways that lead to growth and the one we pick need not be similar. But I like Ken above think that the productivity of the people is one important ingredient.
Whatever method it is we attempt to use, if the results are positive then we go that way.

The problem with most rosy plans is the side effects they have and the intentions underlying them. Take the issue of CDF for example, it will always be controversial with some communities feeling marginalised. The same goes for a focus in improving agriculture. Or any other wealth redistribution policy especially if this are spearheaded by the govt.

Whether or not this projects will lead to growth is dependent on their implementation and how wananchi integrate them into their life.
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Last Updated ( Wednesday, 21 February 2007 )
 
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