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Tribal Democracy of one man one vote and one Kilometre one vote PDF Print E-mail
Written by S. Abdi Sheikh   
Thursday, 29 October 2009

The debate on the constituition is getting nasty, personal and tribal.Anticipating a change in system of government from presidential toparliamentary system, leaders from the Mount Kenya region have mounteda vicious campaign to increase the number of constituencies in theirregion.

The first salvo was fired by president Kibaki on Kenyatta Day when he claimed that the constituency boundaries should be reviewed in line with the principle of "one man one vote". Mount Kenya leaders believe the current system stifles democracy since representation is not tied to population. These legislators are committing an error against a principle called "ethics of words"; that is the use of ordinary words and concepts to represent what they cannot mean. Democracy can be practiced either on a regional representation like congressional districts in the US and constituencies in the UK or proportional representation like in South Africa. In the regional representation system, "one man one vote" is unachievable because the settlement patterns determine voting population and constituencies cannot have equal number of voters. Proportional representation provides a platform of incorporating "one man one vote" by allocating parties a certain number of representatives based on the number of votes received. Mount Kenya leaders should first agree on which system of representation should be adopted, otherwise they should not cry foul that their demands are reasonable.

The trouble is not about "one man one vote" per se but the whole concept of Kenyanness. It is bogus in every sense of the word. We don't see anybody thinking about Kenya as a country and the right of the individual citizen rather than that of a tribe. Central Kenya's demand of "one man one vote" has nothing to do with the right of all Kenyan citizens to be represented but the collective rights of a few GEMA tribes. The other fellows talking about kilometres, a knee-jerk reaction devoid of clear mandate, are also scheming for kilometres occupied by none other than their tribesmen. In the last 46 years Kenya has been independent, some Kenyans were more Kenyan than others. They have appropriated the country as personal property; they cannot now fathom others having designs on it. But the country is a common resource for all citizens and cannot be harvested by some to the exclusion of others.

Nobody wants to live under the dictatorship of a majority from one tribe and much less a dictatorship of a few. In the current system there is the dictatorship of a few elites excluding everyone else. In the proposed system some people are already spoiling for the country to become a tribal dictatorship or a religious dictatorship where the law has to be borrowed from the practice and usages of one particular community to the exclusion of others.

Kenya cannot be preserved in this state. The citizens or rather the politicians have to understand that if you stretch a balloon too thin it is bound to burst. The politicians are pulling the country in different directions and will certainly tear it apart if not stopped. If Kenya is to be preserved, there are issues that need to be resolved: should we be a federal commonwealth or not? If we accept a federal state, "one man one vote" won't infringe on the rights of others. The states will cater for the rights of the regions and cushion the other communities from dominance by the expansive GEMA vote. If we remain a centralist monolith with no direction, then some people will have to opt out. The way to prevent any acrimony over this tribal paranoia is a give-and-take process. "One man one vote" is not an unreasonable request, so GEMA should have it, but GEMA should accept a federal system with regional assemblies catering to the needs of the other communities, two houses of parliament, the current house which is reorganized to reflect "one man one vote" and an upper house with equal representation from all regions. This should be modeled in such a way that while the main tenet of universal suffrage is adhered to, the rights of some Kenyans are not trashed in favour of others.

This constitution thing is going to cost Kenyans their country and for some of us who are considered bastard citizens, that may not necessarily be a bad thing. The bastard son usually gets less inheritance or is excluded altogether if his father dies leaving a will. He has a chance to go to court and salvage something if the old man leaves no will.

________________________________ 


S. Abdi Sheikh
About the author:

S. Abdi Sheikh is the author of Blood on the Runway: The Wagalla Massacre of 1984. Also known by the pen name Abjad Howartz Xudayi, Sheikh is a founding member of the Truth Be Told Network, a lobby group working to bring the perpetrators of Wagalla Massacre to justice. Sheikh can be reached at xudayi[at]gmail.com, and many of his articles and books can be reviewed for free at www.scribd.com/xudayi.





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this is dishonest
written by trrrrrrr , October 31, 2009
As usual, the ODM wing will attack the Kikuyu, and the GEMA. Has anyone really looked to see that the main realignments will extend beyond that? How will constituencies like those in Nairobi be affected? How will the constituencies of Western Province or the Gusii Highlands? Why does the Rift Valley have so many MPs? Why do Luo Nyanza and Central have an almost equal number even though their populations are vastly different? The PNU wing got bitten at the last election by the consequences of previous gerrymandering, they are now trying to correct that situation.

Even in Central Province, the major realignments will be in certain districts, not everywhere.

I'd wager that knowing the high stakes of this debate, the PNU wing are staking their claim in an extreme position, knowing full well that a compromise will have to be reached. The pastoral MPs demanding one kilometre one vote, are playing exactly the same card. Neither of these positions is actually intended as the final solution to the boundary problem. Let's calm down.
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what's dishonest
written by trrrrrrr , October 31, 2009
Is the targeting of the GEMA as the villains. Scholarship has for a very long time considered it uncontroversial that we had a boundary problem, that popular representation in parliament was being made a mockery of under the present laws.

It has nothing to do with GEMA. Let's take the example of Emuhaya, or Kisumu Town East, or Kitutu Masaba and Koibatek district. Emuhaya voters are 71,602, Kitutu Masaba voters are 65,848 and the whole of Koibatek with two constituencies has 63,000 voters. Now all of these example are in Western Kenya,not too far from each other but we already have here a case for corrections. Koibatek is not a big district, so even the one kilometre argument would not help their case.
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...
written by mkosakabila , November 01, 2009
This constitution thing is going to cost Kenyans their country and for some of us who are considered bastard citizens, that may not necessarily be a bad thing.


So why do you bother? Just grab some popcorn & coke and enjoy the unfolding.
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The Right of Response
written by Abjad Howartz Xudayi , November 03, 2009
Kenyans are a very lazy lot, it took the 46 years to realize that the current system of representation is replete with problems. Kenyans are even lazier when they refuse to think using the correct framework but hide a tribal agenda in a national problem. Many of us have been second class citizens from independence. Representation in parliament has not improved our lot at all. Those who appropriated the country to themselves for those years cannot convince us now that they have the best interest of anybody other than themselves in mind. Its not a matter of hatred against any specific group but a general concern that bull-dozing issues using majority tribal status will definitely hurt the minority. And a member of that minority, I am very difficult to be convinced otherwise.
One man one vote is a principal of democracy, granted, but it only works under proportional representation where parties are allocated seats proportional to the votes received in a fair election. In a representation tied to a constituency or a congressional district it almost impossible to equate representation to population. The first task is for us to agree on which system this country should adopt. The system will then dictate how to go about it.
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be honest
written by wanyeki , November 03, 2009
i cant agree more with trrrr,constituencies should have been reviewed before 2007 election but fearing that some regions were going to get more seats this exercise was delayed,but now is the time and the right thing must be done devoid of politics.In fact it a shame for people to talk about democracy if there is no fair representation.Representation is about decision making,why would some people want to exclude a majority in decision making by under representing them.
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Can we move outside this little box?
written by Mwarang'ethe , November 07, 2009
We think the issue is, why this scramble for power? A sociological analysis has convinced us that, all these groups/tribes want power so as to get hold of two monopolies under current so called "democractic systems."

These monopolies are absolute title to land and money monopoly. These two monopolies are remnants of feudalistic society, and unfortunately, many seem unware of the fact that our modern society/democracy is poisoned by these two monopolies which make democracy a mockery for what we have is politial democracy which is pretty useless without economic democracy. And, as a matter of fact, we believe that as long as these two monopolies exist, to talk of democracy is a bit ignorant.

This being the case, we believe the answer lies in two fundamental reforms:

(a) an end to ABSOLUTE title to land, and

(b) complete dismantling of centralised money monopoly.

With conditional titles to land in place, all Kenyans shall have a share of the land given to all for free by God. It is true that, all will be unable to occupy land, but, with conditional titles, the tax levied from land values will go to every Kenyan as part of puplic revenue for schools, defence etc.

As concerns money monopoly, the right to taxation shall be curbed to the level of land value tax. Thereafter, the Government shall issue tax certificates to be used as money. These certificates shall circulate as money. This shall eliminate inflation once and for all which is currently fueled by partisan use of money monopoly to benefit a few tribal friends since those in power/Government shall have no powers to issue money beyond the land value tax levels.

In addition, all wealth producers shall be empowered to issue their own money. This will remove compleletely and permanently the ability of those in power to direct money to their tribes for they shall have no money power. With these arrangements, there will be little or nothing to scramble for, since money would have been democratised.

We believe that, without these reforms, whether we have a new constitution, one woman, one vote, one km, one vote or whatever method, there will be no meaningful change for the majority of Kenyans. Thats why we think, we are still thinking inside the little box we were given in 1963. It is time to know that, there is no box.
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