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Written by Richard Mbuthia   
Saturday, 09 June 2007

Our Pastor made it very clear to us that, as a prerequisite, we had to go for an HIV/AIDS test before we got married. 

The results of the test would determine whether the church would marry us off or not. An end to our to journey to conjugal bliss would be determined if either one of us tested HIV positive.

That was three weeks to the publishing of the banns. Never had there been a harder time in our lives than at that very time. The task that we had to accomplish was almost daunting. Our minds were abuzz trying to figure out our pasts: Had we slipped in our earlier trysts? And if so, had we contracted the HIV virus? What would happen if the tests confirmed our worst fears? After lengthy deliberations, we decided that taking the test was the only way of either confirming or allaying our fears.

The next day we headed to a Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) centre in town. We were received cordially, and, after the preliminaries, were ushered into a room where a counsellor was waiting for us.

I’ll never forget the cold chill that ran down my spine when I entered the room. I felt like a cow that had entered an abattoir. My face was flushed and my lips felt dry. I tried to compose myself to no avail. The feeling I had could only be equated to the feeling of an accused man feeling guilty before being pronounced so.

With a warm smile, the counsellor led us through the counselling session which included questions posed at us and explanations she gave for the questions we asked her. Then came the question: “Are you ready for the test?”

My wife-to-be and I exchanged glances and, almost in unison, we said, “Yes.”

We were led to a room that was adjacent to the office. This was the ‘testing room’. Blood was drawn from the big veins in the crooks of our arms. We were then told to wait in reception while the tests were made and results processed. The fifteen minutes in reception were an eternity to me. There were a number of magazines on the table. I took one of them in the pretext of reading, but in real sense it was to camouflage the fact that my mind was in turmoil. All manner of wild ideas and thoughts were doing their rounds in my head.

“What if I am found to be HIV positive, what will become of my life? What will come of my wedding bid? What will people say and how will my parents take it?”

My head was spinning. My mate was going through the same motions. When our names were called out we jumped up in unison almost leaving our hearts on the seats! The counsellor, with two spring files in her hands, led the way into her office. We followed suit, our steps almost faltering. Once inside the office, she asked us to be seated. With a disarming smile playing on her lips, she told us that she had the results.

Our hearts missed a beat.

With the precision of a marksman, she opened the two files and looked into them. At the back of our minds we knew that the contents of the files held the key to our fate. She looked at us and, as she was about to say something, she stopped and cleared her throat. Was that hesitation? We felt the air in our lungs being forced out.

“Both of you are HIV negative. You don’t have the HIV virus. Here, have a look at the results.”

For a split second we could not believe our ears. Then we stood up, with tears of joy coursing the breadth of our cheeks, hugged each other and thanked the counsellor profusely.

As she handed us our result certificates (the key to our marital bliss and ‘happily-ever-after’ story), she quipped, “These results are very different from the ones that show academic qualifications. You can depend on your academic certificates to open doors for you tomorrow, that is if these qualifications don’t change. The certificates show the skills you have acquired. The results you have received today, on the other hand, can change in a flash of lightning if you don’t take care of yourselves.”





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testing appropriate
written by Dave Nyambati , June 10, 2007
Pre-nuptial HIV testing is a good thing. How would it feel to be careful and keep yourself safe until marriage only to find that your partner infected you on your honeymoon? In a population such as ours where a large enough percentage is HIV positive, I think it is apt that the marriage officiators require testing.

If you've engaged in high risk sexual behavior, you should get tested anyway but if you have not then you have nothing to worry about and it will be one less thing to worry about your partner.

I am sure everyone would want to know what their partner's status is conclusively before making a lifelong commitment to them. However, it might be tricky 'asking' your partner to get tested and might be perceived by some as some sort of accusation leading to some problems. This is where pastors and other religious heads come in. Even with all the worry involved, I would still rather know than have reasonable doubt. If you truly love the person you are marrying, you would want to be sure you are not putting their lives at any kind of risk
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written by Kamale , June 11, 2007
The requirement by the church for these tests apart from being stupid defy reason. HIV Aids is just a disease like any other. What if one of the partners had undiagnosed Herpes or any other STD? The stupidity of this request is to check for pre-marital sex behavior which a negative test does not confirm.

So now I know my status is negative, hence I can have all the sex I want with my missus - Lovely!!! Then we come to procreation and our genes carry all sorts of genetic diseases like diabetes, cancer etc that we can carry on to our children or will even kill us before long.

Should the church also want these to be checked?
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amazed
written by papakemus , June 11, 2007
does Kamale realise the impact of HIV/AIDS on the structure of the african family?

more than any genetic disease or any freak accident AIDS related deaths leave more and more children as heads of household. a role that was never meant for children.

its about being open and responsible. perhaps realistic as well. we're all going to die one day and considering the stigma still attached to AIDS we really ought to make provision for that.

it shouldnt take a church to get us started though.
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written by aeichener , June 11, 2007
The reason of some churches or congregations to demand such prior is not unfounded, as Kamale is certainly aware. It is to prevent that a partner be infected unbeknownst. Obviously, it can't avoid that lateron in future the partner will be infected. Actually, married women in Kenya are more at risk than unmarried ones, as I have repeatedly pointed out.

It also takes into account the situation - Akitelek, you are certainly aware of this gender-related factoid - that women in Kenya rarely have sufficient societally-imparted agency to demand that their prospective partner present a test result, so the church steps in with pressure. For once - a rare event in Africa, see the "Religio illicita" posting - this is a reasonable and commendable example of moral pressure.

Alexander
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chuches are being responsible
written by magothe , June 11, 2007
If a church says you can't get married if you are HIV +ve, there are many other churches you can go to. I really don't understand why its become a crime to take a moral stand on an issue today.
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re: amazed
written by Kamale , June 11, 2007
does Kamale realise the impact of HIV/AIDS on the structure of the african family?

more than any genetic disease or any freak accident AIDS related deaths leave more and more children as heads of household. a role that was never meant for children.

its about being open and responsible. perhaps realistic as well. we're all going to die one day and considering the stigma still attached to AIDS we really ought to make provision for that.

it shouldnt take a church to get us started though.


I do not think there is anything african about HIV/Aids. My younger brother passed away of renal failure on account diabetes and left a young family the rest of us have to take care of. You can protect yourself from HIV but not to diabetes . You can protect yourself from Heart Attacks but cannot protect yourself from cancer. The threat that HIV poses to a family is only death which will also happen in the event of these other genetic diseases!

If your pastor comes up with a hair-brained idea such as this, go to Wako's office at Sheria house and the love of your life will be yours to keep!
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written by aeichener , June 12, 2007
Interesting article - thanks for sharing your experience, Richard. My take:

1. An AIDS/HIV test should be a natural condition not just before marriage, but before any new relationship.

2. It is anyhow reasonable to get tested in regular time spaces, and to share the test results with one's partner(s). While I do not [have sex] without a condom (and while the infection risk from oral sex in either direction is minimal), it is still reasonable and reassuring to have the test done. It is also a sign of consideration and respect for your loved ones.

3. If the pastor really worded his stance as "the results of the test would determine whether the church would marry us off or not", he deserves to be thrown out of church and congregation with a big loud kick in his ass. While it is important that both spouses know the results of themselves and of of each other, a negative HIV status is no prerequisite for marriage.

Alexander
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shocked!
written by Dave Nyambati , June 12, 2007
Kamale,

You seem to have missed the point completely. HIV/AIDs is not like any other disease, it is an incurable, mortal disease that- like you noted – can be prevented effectively. If, like you suggest, the idea was to check for pre-marital sex, then maybe they would check for all those STDs you mentioned.

I cannot believe that you suggest that since one cannot protect themselves against genetic diseases and because we will all die anyway, then there is no point to taking the test. It is baffling how anyone could even make this kind of argument!

Please go back and read more on HIV/AIDs and the effect it has had on Kenya, Africa and the rest of the third world, then we can start this discussion afresh.
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HIV like any other disease
written by Imperfecta , June 12, 2007
While HIV has been a subject of many discussions, it's still as elusive.
First of all, I agree with Kamale in the sense that HIV should be perceived as any other chronic disease, with proper nutrition, exercise and ARVs, HIV infected people can live a normal life and would be more likely to die from other comorbid diseases. HIV is surrounded with so much stigma that someone would rather be diagnosed with cancer than HIV. Reality is, there's still no cure for cancer just toxic chemotherapy that can lead to remission before death eventually. On the other hand, a HIV infected person if diagnosed early and with good care plus ARVs can have a normal life expectancy.
It is true, AIDS is a disease of the poor. AIDS kills but HIV doesn't have to. In developing countries, HIV/AIDS has received a lot of financial backing that a HIV infected has a better chance of surviving than a person with diabetes or hypertension from the same area.
We have to realise that non communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming increasingly important and the incidence of NCDs such as heart disease is projected to increase by 125% - 141 ¾tween 1990 and 2020! (Yusuf et al, 2001). Furthermore, it has now been reported that the methods used to measure the HIV incidence have led to an overestimation of the rate and in fact, it is much less than previously thought. (Dandoona, 2006).
All said, we should fight the stigma associated with the virus not like the priest who refuses to wed people coz of the status. I believe couples should take the test at the beginning of a relationship and probably yearly if they expect to be sexually active, especially in a country with a relatively high prevalence.
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re: HIV like any other disease
written by aeichener , June 12, 2007
Exactly point that Imperfecta underlines at the end:

All said, we should fight the stigma associated with the virus not like the priest who refuses to wed people coz of the status. I believe couples should take the test at the beginning of a relationship and probably yearly if they expect to be sexually active, especially in a country with a relatively high prevalence.


Alexander
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written by Kamale , June 12, 2007
David Nyambati,

Unfortunately, the management of HIV/AIDs is not a co-operative effort and each and every one of us must take the responsibility of not contracting the disease by doing what is right. AIDs like many other diseases kills a lot of people - for instance I was very shocked to know the number of women killed, not by AIDS but by breast cancer!

The management of these diseases cannot succeed through religious terrorism, but by personal iniative to ensure they do not spread. My grouse was with the not so clever priest who thinks that you control the spread of aids by not marrying anyone known to be positive. You need to read the story of Asumpta Wagura who recently got a baby in spite of her HIV status.

As Imperfecta says, you can control the spread of HIV....The responsibility of knowing one's status does not lie with the priest. Supposing two HIV positive couples decided to wed, would this priest say no??
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written by Marangu , June 12, 2007
While I apploud the author of the article for stimulating discussion on what should be a matter of national importance, I ,like Kamale, take issue with this selective approach that entrenches stigma for those afflicted by HIV/Aids. The clergy play an important role in our society today, its very important that they get involved on all issues affecting their congregations, not just blessing the healthy with happy bliss after a negative test, but also, not only consoling but availing every resource for those who need it in ill health.
The issue of the clergy refusing to consecrate marriage for those diagnosed as HIV Positive helps to stigmatize HIV/Aids. The choice whether to marry or not should be the individual couples' after thorough psychological counselling... heard of Irvin 'Magic' Johnson?

Imperfecta:
While the third world has witnessed an epidemilogical transition, from communicable to Non-Communicable Diseases, that trend has recently been arrested by some global events including warfare (Iraq and Darfur), HIV/Aids( with resurgent Tuberculosis epidemic especially in Sub-Saharan Africa) and poverty.For the forseeable future, communicable diseases will continue to be the leading cause for morbidity and mortality in the third world as opposed to degenerative (lifestyle) diseases.
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written by Imperfecta , June 13, 2007
Thank you Marangu for pointing that out. I agree communicable diseases will continue to cause increased morbidity and mortality in low income countries but for how long before the NCDs take over? The problem lies in the lack of diagnostic resources, effective health systems and lack of interventions for those affected. How can we even fathom the burden of non communicable diseases if they are not being diagnosed? When there are no acceptable vital registries to record deaths and the real cause of death is hardly recorded correctly?
I was particularly appalled by the fact that Mathari mental hospital is the closest Kenya is to providing mental health services. How many people suffer from common mental disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, we'll not know for a long time to come. Watch this space.
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Kudos Kamale
written by kendirangu , June 13, 2007
Kamale, Your argument is very interesting.and I personally have witnessed a case where one in a couple was positive and the other was not. It traumatises all parties and suprisingly (atleast to the clergy) they still went ahead and got married.
If the tests were really meant to point out any potential health issues in the couple. I think clergy should go ahead and demand a full doctor's report.
Besides, alot happens between the test and the wedding day and even more married people get infected after marriage.

The main argument behind the test however has nothing to do with chastity, but everything to do with protecting one from being infected unknowingly.
It is now a crime to infect someone with HIV especially if done so knowingly. The clergy merely tries to protect the couple.

I guess it's actually an indication that the church sees the futility of insisting on the 'Virgin till wedlock' school of thought.
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written by Marangu , June 13, 2007
Imperfecta;
I wrote about a week ago on some of the issues with our health system (Kenya: Health diaries). The issue of the plight of people with mental illness in Kenya is something well known to most of us, we have just chosen not to make it an issue, not in our public or political forums. And all the while these people continue to languish in jails, streets, parks etc. These are people no one cares much about, after all they are mostly from low social ranks. None of the aspriring politicians will want to make this their campaign agenda, there is not much political mileage to be gained. A very poor reflection of our social system.
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Hmmmmmm
written by Wanjiru , June 13, 2007
If these intolerant clergymen only manage to save 50 people by insisting on the pre-marital HIV test, then that's 50 people whose lives were saved.And that can't be a bad thing.

Plus, I don't envision a case where the priest would have to force a negative person to not marry a +ve person as self preservation is a basic human instinct.

If I found out that had HIV/AIDS, I would not grouse at a priest who told me that I could not spread this to someone that I loved. I would try and protect my loved one.

But that's just me.
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re: Hm!
written by aeichener , June 13, 2007
If I found out that had HIV/AIDS (...) I would try and protect my loved one.


As you should, indeed.

But why should that preclude you from marriage?!

Alexander
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written by Kamale , June 14, 2007
In two weeks time, I will have been married for 8 years. In those 8 years, a lot has been known of each other that none of us knew about before we got married. But we also made sure we made the most important discoveries about one another before we made the decision to make the commitments we made back then.

I think anyone who marries another person without knowing their characters does not even deserve the priest's help! The world should have little or no sympathy for fools!
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I dont think so.
written by Honey , June 14, 2007
I have watched his discussion unfold, and was in tandem with Mr. Nyambati's argument, but did he let me down by succumbing to pressure from Kamale's view.

To begin,we all know the definition of AIDS. Some cancers persist as aresult of AIDS. No one dies from AIDS, they all die of pneumonia, diarrhoea, heart complications as a result of a weakened immune system. I know you all are aware of this, but have have put it on the back banner in this thread.

Second, let us not pretend that AIDS is not a life-changing condition. People recover from the shock of knowing it after a while. As the author put it, even if one is a virgin, once they are on that bench waiting for the test, they will certainly not be thinking of vacationing in Hawaii. Then, is it not right for such a couple to be given time to see, if indeed they want to go on in that situation? One does not make such decisions while in a euphoric state of wedding bliss. I tell you verily, love will not provide money to purchase medication. There is utopia, then there reality.

Third, can we first address the capability of Africa to handle AIDS.
From my view, AIDS is more an economical menace. Minor, opportunistic illnesses that take years to eventually bring someone down, how much in costs do you think it takes to nurse someone of a common cold until death, do the math! And am not just talking buying nitequill, or Robdawa-include time away from work, family and other activities. This is the major difference btwn AIDS, diabetes, renal failure and Hepatitis. For once the later get critical, the body succumbs. An AIDS patient can be with hearing loss for a year, dementia for 2 years et cetera. Once your liver fails, your days are numbered.

For the human rights folk, what the priest is doing comes off as wrong, as a Kenyan who knows Kenya, it is a way of fighting too.

We cannot want that which we cannot afford. We work with what we have! My slogan.

NB
I have always wondered about AIDS stats in Africa. The numbers are always up there. Wanjiru is right, at times people dont have AIDS, but once one is told they do, it becomes a psychological disease.
I even think it is apolitical gimmick to put Africa down, yet it hunger and malnutrition killing people!
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