Capturing Dedan Kimathi PDF  | Print |  E-mail
Written by Peter Ndiangui   
Thursday, 01 February 2007 08:45
I was trawling through the blogosphere when I came across this blog here written out entirely in the Gikuyu language.

The blog belongs to Prof Gatua wa Mbũgwa .While visiting, I came across this video here released by the British on the capture of Field Marshall Dedan Waciuri Kimathi, heroic head of the Mau Mau resistance. What struck me most about the video was the characterisation of Kimathi as a terrorist hell-bent on making the British colony of Kenya ungovernable. Nowhere is there even the slightest rumour of recognition that the British were imposing themselves, nor that the resistance was a legitimate struggle.

This is the kind of deep-rooted conception of the MauMau that persists in the British psyche to this day, and sadly the one that was transferred to us through colonisation and the complicity of the independence government.

Given that the British did not seek our consent in invading our country, and plucking the best lands for their exclusive use, corralling us into reserves and indentured labour was their regime in any way rightful? Why then call Kimathi a terrorist for resisting this oppression? It is this wholesale demonisation of resistance to external control on our destiny that has led us down the path of low self-esteem as black people, and that currently prevents us transforming ourselves into economic powerhouses.

Instead we are restricted to what these external forces desire of us, what the World Bank and IMF see as our potential, the reach of our ability.

Almost half a century on, it is crucial that we as Kenyans confront the stature of the MauMau and realise that we would never have gained our independence without their sacrifice. The blood of these ‘terrorists' purchased our land and our freedom. In the video published, you hear the British glorify the captors of Kimathi, detailing their betrayal and the blood-money that they will receive. Did these men now know that Kimathi was in the forest struggling for their freedom? As they captured him, did they treat him with dignity? Let's reflect on how the trajectories of these 'self-fulfilling' prophecies have affected our self-esteem ,our intuitions and our ability to operate independent of the west.

With the mindset inherited from our colonial oppressor still intact, will we ever become the masters of our destiny or will we seek like the guards in the videos to do right by our masters? Striving all the time to be more like him, to please him ever more?

Why do we look down on those who hold dear to their ancient culture and customs? Why do we laugh at those with broken or non-existent English? Have we so lost everything that is ours, that hating ourselves becomes and easier, gentler task?

Ngugi wa Thiong'o believes that when you erase a people's language, you erase their memory. And people without memories are rudderless, unconnected to their own histories and culture, mimics who have placed their memories in a "psychic tomb" in the mistaken belief that if they master their coloniser's language, they will own it.

Africans, says Ngugi, must master their own languages before they master foreign languages that neither reflect their histories nor their memories, just like all the continental Europeans, who first learn their own language, be it German or Greek, before learning other European languages.

This is what inspires. Prof  Mbũgwa to write in Gikuyu, believing that unless we take an honest view of ourselves, focusing on what happened to us historically, where we are coming from; we will remain forever wounded and our communal self-worth eroded.


Written on Thursday, 01 February 2007 08:45 by Peter Ndiangui

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written by emmo opoti , February 01, 2007
In these times, I am afraid I am not too enthusiastic about people writing in their tribal languages. As powerful as the symbolism may be it does not augur well for our development as a new people.

I do not speak Gikuyu, and I'm therefore excluded from the content of Prof. Mbugua's blog as useful as it may be.Lakini I have to agree that Kimathi is an unsung hero, no puzzle there considering what out first President was, or his successors. The State House site says Kibaki wanted to join the British Army and would have but for a decree by the then Chief Secretary;one Coutts or some such.

If I became President, people might be flying into Kenya by way of Dedan Kimathi International. A nation that does not honour its heroes....

P.S This year is 200 years since the passing of the Abolition Act in the UK, of course slavery continued for a long time after, but it was a vital first step. This month is also Black History Month in the USA.
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written by Dan Kihote , February 01, 2007
I have to agree with emmo on this one. Dedan Kimathi was a war hero. His exploits would mean a lot more to many more in our nation if the story were told In our National language.

There are many heroes who paid heavy sacrifices in Kenya's struggle for liberation. You will not be suprised to find that there were Africans from all corners of Kenya, Indians, Arabs and Europeans.

A country united by language must be one of their legacies. We have that language.
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Emotional
written by athush , February 01, 2007
I get too emotional everytime i read anything that has to do with the Mau Mau.....I guess it's because my grandparents were "terrorists" too!

Am reading a book called *Struggling For Survival* by Sam Githinji about a former detainee......heartbreaking! :cry:
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Not advocating for Tribal frag
written by pndiangui , February 01, 2007
well , where thelanguage comes in is the ability to re-tell the story in both nationalised languages and a continuation of the culture.
Chinese have kept their different chinese Mandarins, learnt english and have certain unifying Mandarin spoken by the majority.I am not sure whether this will hold for a long time. But the essence of language as Ngugi puts it is the ability to re-tell the history as it was.

Well thats why Prof. Mbugua has both a Gikuyu and an english version of his website here . Problem is some Kenyans might associate respecting their different cultures as a sign of tribal fragmentation.
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written by emmo opoti , February 01, 2007
The Mau Mau uprising and its causes and prosecution are unsurprisingly foreign matters to most Kenyans, but is also very relevant today as it would lead us to understand that all those resisitng oppression are liable to be branded terrorists.

Other famous terrorists include Che Guevara, Nelson Mandela and of course Hassan Nasrallah. Ndiangui, Thank you for your link to the English site. I understand fully what the Prof's motivations are. Just that it is vital to communicate.

P.S, much in the same spirit I have dropped my foreign names and use only my African ones.
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Africans unware of history
written by pndiangui , February 01, 2007
Many of us were taught history in school without the depth of helping us discover ourselves. Much of our understanding of ourselves as Africans doesnt go much higher than the prejudiced view of who we are raised by the western Media.
We study post-colonial history and we have gone ahead of teaching our children the same.
They therefore grow to see of a 'cursed' continent. That the mention of Africa only stirs memories of hunger, war or corruption.
What we do , is we fail to re-tell the story to see the deep effects slavery and colonialism afflicted to Africa focussing on the difference it created form an Africa before colonialism , an Africa before the missionaries and an Africa before the Western 'civilisation'.
That the Egypt story has started to be re-told with more emphirical and scientific evidence its a step in the right direction. But Africans need to know this more than the prejudiced west. To me knowing our history is the first step of de-colonising the mind, the first step to know that we can be pro-active in choosing not to be dictated of how will determine our own destiny, an issue tantamount to raising our self-esteem.
The ability to know that Kingdoms before us have fallen and risen again, to reflect and see that we can get out of the murk we are in , by putting the blame on its root cause (slavery, colonialism & our ignorance) and moving on to create a better future for our Children.
That for example there are more Pyramids in Sudan than there are in Egypt created by Nubian kings and queens is now a documented truth. for example in this site here
As early as 15th century Mali was bursting with academic centres of excellence studying the Triangle trade of gold, salt and ivory.
Ditto Lamu presents a case in point of historical African innovations in city management.The popular African-American Havard professor of African history louis Gates
documentary on Africans and Nubians history
carried out an extensive research along the East Africa coastal cities and other African Kingdoms, including Mali, Nubian, Shona,Zulu and other western African kingdoms.
Millitary sophistication, medical expertise, Architectural innovations, academic centres of excellence where Europeans (especially from the Roman empire & later greek philosophers) came to study ring true in his findings with alot of evidence on the ground.
I know it will take years before Africans regain their self-esteem but we should be at the fore-front of confronting these historical event that might lead us to change the way we see ourselves.
As we all know the key to have a clear a vision of oneself is to have a clear view of where they are coming from, self-awareness is crucial to being imaginitive of the possibilities ahead and then working confidently towards the imagined.We cant move forward smoothly as a Africa with a distorted past about ourselves. A past only reflecting the post-colonial & post-slavery eras, an era that only reminds us of our 'lesser self', an era that only serves to let us believe that the exploiters should plan and determine our destiny.
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propaganda?
written by athush , February 01, 2007
I just recalled a song we used to sing when little,it goes like this: moja, mbili, tatu, nne, tano, sita, saba, nane, tisa, habari ya jenuari. Kuna mtu mmoja, aliyepotea na tukimpata tutamfunga jela, bloody fool kwenda! rafiki yangu rudi!

never thought much about it till saa hii hii! was mzungu teaching watoto that song to make them believe *he* was the rafiki? so as to grow up believing and living as slaves?
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Mental Slavery
written by Amina , February 02, 2007
Same problem the world over, any people that have been historically oppressed will suffer from this. And now we are faced with new challenges: our children are born into the MTV culture, many of them do not want to speak, not only their mother tongue, but even Swahili. As Ndiangui above says
As we all know the key to have a clear a vision of oneself is to have a clear view of where they are coming from, self-awareness is crucial to being imaginative of the possibilities ahead and then working confidently towards the imagined.
How tru! Dedan Kimathi and other freedom fighters need to be acknowledged, and we need to tell our story, because we existed before the white man came, and not as folklore, but as history.
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Power of First Language
written by Kipyegon , February 02, 2007
Although writing in one's first language can limit the audience and might even be more cumbersome than to write in English, research has revealed that thinking and writing in your first language greatly enhance your cognition. People tend to think superficially when they use their second or third language, and this translates directly to economic growth. Countries that use first language and not foreign languages in their everyday lives are noted to excel in many endeavors. Use of one's first language, especially African languages, is also a great way of preserving culture that is almost engulfed by western cultures. Somebody argued that use of first language (in that case it was Kikuyu), limited audiences. However, this problem can easily be solved through translation, and this is best exemplified by Ngugi's works.
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Where is Kimathis grave?
written by Chameleon , February 02, 2007
What happened to the people who were looking for his grave? If nobody is sure where he was buried why cant the Kenya goverment ask the British to show us where they buried him? I am sure there is one Muzungu who has an idea of where he was buried.
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we don\'t want to know
written by Amir Ibrahim , February 02, 2007
Chameleon,
Truth is, we are not really interested on where Kimathi is are we? That perhaps is the thrust of this article. So profound is our perfidy and our shame about the Mau Mau ( shaggy forest men, poor, etc) that we have elected to forget them.

If Kimathi were raised from the dead would he be proud of this country? Not likely, but Jomo definitely would!!
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Is it possible
written by olegaita , February 02, 2007
for Dedan kimathi's family to sue the British government for killing him? Because it is evident Kimathi was fighting to have back Land taken away from him and other kenyans.
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written by Honey , February 03, 2007
Ati Britons pay for Kimathi?

That is history...the world needs a 'mandela' for each past act of omission or commision!

Are you willing to check all those who were murdered in those days? Including cases of africans against fellow Africans? ARE WE JUST GOING FOR THE BRITONS COZ WE ASSUME THEY ARE MONEY-LADDEN?

D'u think Todays Britons will understand that nonsense of a law- suit? In my ind, Dedan is simply a figment...his physique...his I deals probably stand, whatever they were.

How about, we all forge on. The war aint done men and women!

It is great to remember our history, dont stall in it!
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Von der Parteien Gunst und Has
written by aeichener , February 04, 2007
Many Kenyans - no, make that most Kenyans - have but a very distorted view of the reality of manjeneti. The history is there, one only needs to pick it up and examine it attentively - but nobody does.

I suggest that one have a look at the memoirs of Dedan Kimathi's British jailer - a young stubborn police constable at the time. His recollections, frank and fair, are easily accessible on the Net.

http://www.swany.dircon.co.uk/

Alexander
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Dedan
written by Rider , February 04, 2007
hmmm...have read thru the swany site. Yes, one can say that Dedan maimed his own people, but lets not overlook that it also states further: 'Those who accepted the status quo'.
From the peace, it makes Dedan the person he is. Your land is taken away, and some people are willing to accept the 'stealing' of what is theirs' in return for handouts.
I think Dedan was right? Kenya would not be independent had he not killed the collaborators too. Right?

According to the writer, Kenyans should just have taken the britons, get pushed to the margins, and keep living as servants on their own land...huh?

I however disagree with those calling for reparations.
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On learning from history
written by Marangu , February 04, 2007
Very well said Pndiangui, I agree with your sentiments to a point. That the British took possession of our best of everything and drove those who dared to challenge them underground or even killed them is without question. Eventually the tide turned against them and they had to pack and leave. Then along came our hero of indipendence Mzee Kenyatta, with a big promise to free us from the yoke of colonialism, but alas! the more things change the more they stay the same, did he amass wealth? Plenty and you can ask Mama Ngina and Uhuru for the details. Did he drive dissenters underground, detain or even kill them.... he sure did? the remnants of that era who survived are still with us, Martin Shikuku, Raila, Orengo, Ngugi Wa Thiong'o among others.
'Baba' Moi came and repeating the same to a degree, actually rather excelled in trashing our budding economy, nepotism took root and Kenya became a Police state .. remember the women dressing down for him in Freedom Corner?. The Jury is still out for Emilio and although times have changed, I doubt that his performance has been exemplary, not with Anglo-Leasing and the Goldberg beneficiaries still in the cabinet, and God knows where Kamlesh is.
So while we may demand reperations from the Britons for the colonial era wrongs, where do we go for justice form our home grown oppressors?
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Know the undistorted histoy...
written by pndiangui , February 04, 2007
The real prize is for us Africans and specifically Kenyans to know the history without the spin that has been done by the media like the 1952 Video above portrays. Ditto for those younger Britons to know the truth , so that when post-colonial poor Africa is seen as a failed state , many of us can know the real cause.
Marangu, the way I see it failures of Kenyatta, Moi and even Emilio have an element of neo-colonialism in them.
The exploitative nature of all those regimes bore its root in the colonial era. The lack of African deep rooted traditional values in governance is itself a manifestation of the way things were done by the colonial master. Infact the amassing of wealth illegallyand still win praise in our society bleeds hard remnants of a colonial culture with its value system.
Infact today the perpetrators of Kenya's biggest corruption seek refuge in our former colonial master or its allies undetered. Most of the time its her majesty's tax collector who benefits most or her profit driven so called AID agencies or Multinationals as exemplified by the Kenyan and Tanzanian Anglo-fleecing sort of deals.
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my take
written by anonymous , February 05, 2007
unfortunately the real story of mau mau has never been told rather the story has been twisted to suit the political environment and to feed patriotic yearning - justice has not been done to the mau mau.

on the other hand i think mau mau (or better yet the movement as it was called) more has been attributed to mau mau and they have unnecessarily been lionised in some circles.

my personal opinion is that mau mau was an intra kikuyu civil war as a result of colonial occupation. - independence of Kenya was but a sideshow. now i may be wrong but i have not seen anything any documentation out there to convince me otherwise hence my opinion remark.
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The uncomfortable reality
written by aeichener , February 05, 2007
Well, your "take" is what the majority of serious scholars agree with. Manjeneti was a civil war among Kenyans; Mau-Mau were not all "freedom fighters" and their opponents were not all "collaborators".

In fact, Mau-Mau killed mostly other black Kenyans, with many defenceless women and children among their victims, but very, VERY few white military, police and settlers. The same is however true for the brutal and systematic counter-terror of the other side: few of the many innocent victims of the British policy were real guerrilleros.

And it were black Kenyans who fought and vanquished Mau-Mau fighters in the field and in the forests: namely Kikuyu guards, tribal police, pseudo gangs together with Ogiek / Yaaku.

Alexander
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written by emmo opoti , February 05, 2007
Alex,
This is true of any war of liberation, and although the MauMau did not have any pretensions to a nationalist struggle, their struggle against oppression and disenfranchisement ultimately killed the fantasies of the settler population and drove the British away from Nairobi.

The little facts about the MauMau are hardly important. The USA and Israel were also founded by real terrorists, what matters is that they were the embodiment of a struggle against the colonial yoke, a struggle for self-determination and for liberty, a simple struggle for human dignity. Wars of liberation are messy affairs, and no doubt many used the confusion to settle scores or rob the weak, but at the very core of the struggle was a desire by the manjeneti to overthrow the oppressive extant order, a struggle that resonates with every person of conscience down to this day.

Seems to me many here would rather have the cowardly Kenyatta lionised rather than the man Dedan Kimathi, of whom even his British captors would stand back and exclaim, ecce homo!
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Dedan Kimathi as he really was
written by aeichener , February 05, 2007
Emmo, I indeed agree with many of your perceptive assessments above on the Mau-Mau.

But you might have harboured (consciously or unconsciously) a rather distorted and unrealistic image of Dedan Kimathi. As necessary antidote, I recommend the excellent short portrait - fair, unbiased and circumspect - by David Anderson in his "Histories of the Hanged", page 286-287.

A book which anybody with even the slightest interest in Kenya's history should at all means possess. It's only 1210 KSh.

Alexander
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written by aeichener , February 06, 2007
Petty criminal? Now that matches DK's life almost to a dotted i and crossed t. :lol:
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written by emmo opoti , February 06, 2007
You don't understand at all do you? George Washington was hardly a god, a slave owning mass-murdering genocidal man and still an American icon? Why? because he led the effort to extricate the colonies from the British yoke.

Shamir, Ben Gurion, Dayan all of them were terrorists. Do you also hold that against them?

I suffer no illusions about war or about the piety of war leaders, but Kimathi is in my opinion a far better embodiment of the ideals of higher man. As they used to say in the old republics Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité ou la mort!. That we had to make do with a petty criminal like Kenyatta is the reason we are a backward country to this day.
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re:
written by emmo opoti , February 06, 2007
Petty criminal? Now that matches DK's life almost to a dotted i and crossed t. :lol:


We no doubt have the British to thank for this information that so inculpates Kimathi. For that reason we can safely assume that it is highly subjective. Kenyatta's record as a common crook, a venal cowardly politician is however a matter of public record, and the evidence has survived him. Like the denial of oxygen to a child at birth, so was the Presidency of Kenyatta, choking Kenya on its venom for all time. We even have it to thank for the incredible leadership of both Moi and Kibaki.

Founding father? And the apple falls not too far from the tree!
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The *real* Dedan Kimathi
written by aeichener , February 06, 2007
Actually, those British who actually *fought* Kimathi in the field (like Ian Henderson, Peter Hewitt, Peter Swan) had a better or at least more respecting image of him than many contemporary Kenyans, than fellow Mau-Mau (he was highly unpopular and often loathed in the movement), and than neutral historians.

Anderson in his brilliant book pithily explains why Henderson's relation of events shows such a kindred spirit with Kimathi; they were both doggedly obsessed men carved from the same wood, much away from "society" and its expectations and exactions.

And don't forget it was a simple and single Kikuyu tribal policeman who ultimately shot and arrested Kimathi, not a KP settler scion, not KRR, nor the British Army.

Alexander
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on the Mau Mau
written by pndiangui , February 06, 2007
Aichner & Emmo
I think the history as it is is itself distorted. Listening to my late grandmother who was providing ammunitions from a British settler to the Mau Mau fighters in the forest and my living Auntie who was actually on the same spot as Kimathi was shot and captured , the vision lingers on of people who were tired of the colonial rule.
As Emmo echoes, to them it wasnt about Kenya but Agikuyu land. Which is basically the white-highlands that provided the rent-seeking the colonial master had infact invested in an illegal government on their land.
The Agikuyu were not without a government before, they had their own governments albeit fragmented or is it devolved local governments as the famous council of elders.
Driving these settlers out of their land was the objective but that objective would concomitantly lead to the Nationwide departure of the colonial master by default.
When I listen to these people speak , there is an elaboration of what they saw as the future of their children free from discrimination and unjust rule on their own land. This principle of freedom pervades all humanity and the Mau Mau kind of rebellion could have peaked up in other kenyan regions as soon as they could have started realizing about the need for their own freedom.
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Homeguards, Culture Inferiorit
written by MainaT , February 06, 2007
Ukweli, if u don't where u come from, u won't know where u are going. Homeguards rule our nation and for that reason they'll never lionise our true Kenyan heros like Kimathi, Odinga, Samoei, Bildad Kaggia,General China and other Mau Mau leaders and fighters. That is why, 43 years later we are still launching visions 2030 and other strategic plans without a hope. Turkey,Israel, US, UK, Japan, China were built on a rich and shared history appreciating those that came before them.
As for culture, what is a Kenyan? A Kenyan is made up of 42 tribes and other smaller groups and we should all be reflecting them not absorbing Big Brother culture without a second thought.
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Japanese war heroes
written by Chameleon , February 06, 2007
Look at Japan. They have a shrine for their solders who died in world war 2. Everyone knows that the Japanese solders were sadists. The Koreans and Chinese have very bad memories about the Japanese occupation in their land. But every year the Japanese prime minister makes an effort to go to the shrine and pay respects no matter what the Chinese and Koreans say.


But look at Kenya, we dont even have a memorial for those who fought for independence, or those who died for the "after independence" struggle. We dont know where Kimathi is buried. And seem to be afraid of asking the Brits to tell us what they did with his body.
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re: Japanese war heroes
written by aeichener , February 06, 2007
Everyone knows that the Japanese solders were sadists.

As much as Mau-Mau. Quite true. Really bad eggs, both (as Captain Jack Sparrow would say).
So what is your point?

But look at Kenya, we dont even have a memorial for those who fought for independence, or those who died for the "after independence" struggle.


Never been at Uhuru Park, eh? *sneer*
Never been at Nyeri's obelisk?
Never been in Nyeri's peace museum?
Never been in Othaya?

Alexander
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written by emmo opoti , February 06, 2007
Yes, Alex, anti-poor as ever. No doubt batting for the homungati hordes that produced the statesman called Kenyatta.

Are you denying that the MauMau saved Kenya from a Zimbabwe situation-which was the dream of the settlers?
Can you point at a single violent liberation struggle whose leaders were not 'terrorists'?

Admittedly the crude intuitions that drove the ex-KAR types into the forest to wage a war of attrition against the imperial British will pale in comparison to the lofty cliches mouthed by such lowlifes as Kenyatta, but like has been said before they were purely about human dignity, something the nation has been deprived of by the usurpation of the homeguard hordes.
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